Organization Behavior the Case of Julie and Susan Essays

The Case of Julie and Susan Introduction The case of Julie and Susan demonstrates how a breakdown in any component of the MARS Model affects individual behaviour and performance. The questions facing Dr. Griffiths are; how did this breakdown occur, and is there an effective way to fix it? Using organizational behaviour theories, it is possible to analyze the symptoms, problems, and causes. From this analysis, a recommendation on how best to fix the situation can be developed. Given the facts of the case, it is clear that the main problem is that, Julie and Susan do not have a clear understanding of each other’s expectations. Analysis A symptom that has arisen from this problem is that Julie and Susan have engaged in a verbal†¦show more content†¦Julie feels if she is given the proper amount of time, she will be in a better position to complete Susan’s work. Julie also feels that the communication channels provided by Susan do not allow for questions to be answered and feedback given in an efficient manner. Following the MARS Model, if time allotted increases and communication between Julie and Susan improves so will Julie’s behaviour and results given her current position. The driver affecting Susan’s behaviour and results is her role perception. Mainly she does not understand what Julie expects from her. Because Susan does not fully understand Julie’s expectations, coordination between the two employees is severely limited. This lack of coordination leads to conflict and eventually the verbal confrontation between Susan and Julie. If Susan better understood Julie’s expectations, and made an effort to meet them, the relationship between Julie and Susan would improve and by extension the results would as well. As shown above, the behaviour and results of Julie and Susan can be explained by each of them having at least one low driving factor of the MARS Model. Examining their descriptions of the problem to Dr. Griffiths, both women fall to Attribution Theory’s self-serving bias which states that people tend to attribute failures to external factors (CITE TEXT). Julie attributes the issue to the lack of time and feedback provided by Susan. While this is true based onShow MoreRelatedWarby Parker Case Study1014 Words   |  5 Pages Business 1307 Mini Project #1 Julie Melrose September 7, 2017 Case B, Question 1: Is Warby Parker a good example of corporate social responsibility? What dimensions stand out in measuring the company’s social performance? Answer: I believe Warby Parker is a good example of corporate social responsibility. Warby Parker is a company who sees a need for competition in a market that is crucial to the wellbeing and livelihood of people afflicted with site problems. 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The Gmo Trap An Unexposed Secret - 1681 Words

The GMO Trap: An Unexposed Secret With new technology being utilized in the medical, agricultural, and economic aspects of daily living, numerous perilous concerns have risen against the proper usage and non-maleficence of these high-tech mechanics. For about a decade now, genetically modified foods have occupied the shelves of supermarkets and grocery stores across the nation. The ample amount of genetically modified organisms, or GMOs, have sparked many affairs regarding the impact they have on one’s health. The detonation of GMOs, according to the Institute for Responsible Technology, is â€Å"the result of a laboratory process where genes from the DNA of one species (bacteria, viruses, insects, animals, or humans) are extracted and artificially forced into the genes of an unrelated plant or animal (Smith).† The timeline of GMOs is rather short, with the DNA being first discovered by Russian scientist Andrei Nikolaevitch Belozersky in 1935. It wasn’t until 198 2 that the extracted DNA was approved by the FDA. Hamlin, a form of insulin derived from E. coli, is now permitted to be genetically engineered into produce and meat products. GMO induced foods hit the grocery store in 1994, and the industry rapidly expanded and became the dominant crop by 1999 (Shireen, 2013). A vast majority of processed foods contain GMO-induced ingredients; there is no getting away from them and their harms unless new regulations are set to prevent their sale. Genetically Modified organisms are

Breaking All the Rules Free Essays

In How To Succeed In Business By Breaking All The Rules it states that to succeed in business one must be able to use an unorthodox style which allows that person to break free from ancient ways of thinking and be able to use new ideas in developing entrepreneurial and business skills. One way this will be proven is to look at how positive thinking and motivation hamper people in making tough business decisions. Secondly, this will be proven by examining the education system, and showing that one does not always need a university education to perform in a business environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Breaking All the Rules or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thirdly, this will be proven by looking at the behavioral aspects of an entrepreneur, and how an entrepreneur’s thinking pattern is quite unique compared to the average person. Finally, this will be proven by looking at the illusions of management and how managers have to adapt if they want to see results. â€Å"Forget just about everything you were told about positive thinking and motivation. † Positive thinking and motivation can encumber persons in business if not executed properly. People assume that by being positive they are in turn motivating people to work hard and complete tasks without impeding their space. This is not entirely true. There is a joke that many motivational speakers tell, as an illustration of positive thinking: â€Å"A guy has tripped and fallen off the roof of a thirty-story building. He is falling toward certain death. Some one yells out the fifteenth-story window, ‘how are you doing? ‘ And the falling fellow hollers back, ‘Okay so far! ‘† This joke is not an accurate representation of positive thinking. It illustrates stupidity. This joke has taken positive thinking way out of proportion. It is okay to be positive when approaching tough situations, but a constant bombarding of motivational thoughts may in turn impede the situation overall. People are taught from the start that there are no bad ideas, and in-turn people who criticize these bad ideas are looked upon as â€Å"negative thinkers† . Cynicism can actually be a healthy practice. By seeking out and eliminating bad ideas right from the get-go, the business or corporation is able appropriately deal with the problem and in a sense â€Å"nip it in the bud†. A person can think positive all that they want, but they are still going to spill coffee on their new tie. By over-motivating a person, the same effect can happen. A person has to want to be motivated for it to work properly. â€Å"The Old Testament† of motivation states that any person can do any thing as long as they are motivated to do so. This is not entirely true. In order for a person to be motivated they must believe the idea. Sounds like an oxy-moron, but a person needs to be inspired before motivation can take place. For instance, a person needs to want a post secondary education before they can be motivated to do so. A person does not necessarily need a university education to succeed in business. There is not really anything wrong with a university education as long as the person attending understands what it is and what it is not. For some careers a university education is essential. For instance, people do not look kindly to a self-taught brain surgeon. The problem is that a university education only offers you theoretical situations instead of practical life situations that can only be achieved through experiencing life. People tend to worry that without at least a degree in a particular field, they are unable to start their own lucrative business, and have the consumers take them seriously. Often people believe that without the proper credentials, it is impossible for their business to ever get off the ground. This is not true. There are many examples of companies that were started by supposedly â€Å"uneducated† people, who have turned their respective businesses into multi-million dollar corporations. For instance, Dave Thomas, founder and owner of the Wendy’s Corporation. With nothing better than a grade 10 education Thomas took his first Wendy’s that opened in 1969, and turned it into over 4000 locations across North America. Thomas was credited with hard work and life skills that helped him in his venture. From working as a busboy in a small town diner, to cooking for thousands as a chief in the army, Thomas learned the skills needed to create a lucrative business without any formal education. There are thousands of examples of entrepreneurs with no formal education that have made it in the business world. The most important thing to understand is that a business can only go as far as the people are willing to take them. Meaning that if you want to be successful you can encourage your self to take it to the next level without formal education. If you have a formal education, by all means make the most of it. But never use lack of formal education as an excuse and never let yourself feel inferior to those with better formal educations. There is abundant proof that you can reach just about any heights in business without college or even high school education if you will do the things necessary to otherwise obtain the information and master the skills specifically relevant to your objectives. Entrepreneurs are not always the best educated, but share a thinking pattern unlike those of regular people and are able to take any business with a solid foundation and turn it in to a productive money-making machine. In order to be a successful entrepreneur, one must be able to go against the grain of normal business practice and be able to perform at a pace where they leave the competition in the dust with no remorse. The old saying: â€Å"there are no rules when it comes to love and war† also applies to entrepreneurs in business. An entrepreneur must be able show no compassion towards anybody in order to get the job done. It sounds cruel, but some of the most successful people in business today have no remorse for their competition. For example, Mark McCormack the creator of International Management Group (an athlete management corporation) started off with little more than a $1000 and a hand shake, but developed his business into a multi-million dollar corporation by leaving his competition way behind. McCormack was able to do something that had never been attempted before. Many companies fail to place a premium on the real dollar worth of their expertise, or what it would cost an outsider to learn what they already know. McCormack was able to market his knowledge to companies that were unaware of what they really had inside. By showing them what they already new, but by changing the way that they marketed the product McCormack was able to, almost over night, turn a small company distributing out of a barn, into a power house in today’s sports entertainment industry. McCormack did not accomplish such a feat by caring about the little guy. In most cases, entrepreneurs are able to set aside their morals and values and go in for the kill. Successful entrepreneurs have a different way of approaching tough business decisions than the average person. They do not look at the situation or problem as how it affects the other guy, but how it affects them. When making tough business decisions, an entrepreneur must ask if solution best suits him, or if it best suits morality? In order for the entrepreneur to succeed, the solution must best suit his needs and not the needs of the other guy. Unsuccessful entrepreneurs often find themselves debating on whether or not to charge customers most money the can for their product or service. They feel that by undercutting prices they are in-turn helping themselves to sleep better at night, but you cannot sleep if you cannot afford a place to sleep. In order to be self-sufficient, entrepreneurs must give up morales and values and be able to do what best suits them. The same is true for management in that if the want results from their workers then they must be able to adapt their style to best fit the interests at hand. There is a fairy tale about managers in business, especially big business: â€Å"that corporate leaders are conservative, rational, deliberate people who arrive at important decisions only after carefully weighing a wealth of data and information. † In most cases managers and corporate leaders rely on their staff to provide them with the information needed to make these tough business decisions. Mangers then are faced with the consequences if the result is less than â€Å"kosher. † As the old saying goes: â€Å"if you want something done right you have to do it yourself† applies when it comes to managing a top firm. In order for a manager to succeed, they must adapt their staff into a well-oiled machine that works for the most common goal. Managers have to set goals and limitations and make sure that their staff follow the guidelines appropriately for maximum production. Managers cannot baby their staff, as they cannot afford to lend the time in a high-speed industry or business. â€Å"If you can’t take the heat, get out of the kitchen. † It is the managers responsibility to weed out those that are not able to perform with the rest of the unit, and in-turn hire people with the skills that best fit their own goals and ambitions. Managers also must be able to go on their own instincts and not always follow facts and figures alone. A good manager is able to assess the situation and then make a decision based on their gut reaction. With these tools a manger is able to â€Å"succeed in business by breaking all the rules. † Managers must use an unorthodox style which allows them to break free from ancient ways of thinking to develop new skills that will help them perform better in their respective businesses. By understanding that positive thinking and motivation can be taken out of context, one can be inspired to change the way that they approach tough business decisions. By also understanding that one does not necessarily need a university education to succeed in business, but by utilizing life experience they can relate business problems to real life situations, and can then solve the problem with their best interests in mind. Finally mangers and entrepreneurs must think of themselves first, and then, and only then, will they be able to successfully attack tough business decisions. How to cite Breaking All the Rules, Essay examples

Transport Planning in the Brisbane City-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Transport Planning in the Brisbane City. Answer: Introduction Transport planning is a very important part of a country or citys civilization. This depicts how organized a city is. There are many problems that arise in context of the proper transport planning in the city. A proper transport planning by the city administration helps the city to be kept clean, free of accidents and a smooth communication of vehicles on the roads. Thus, it is indeed important to maintain the roads and the increasing vehicles to be in a smooth communication process, avoiding traffic jams and accidents. In this paper, the topic of discussion is to show how the policy in bicycle helmets and assure that bicycles do not become victims of accidents (Vigar, 2013). Document framework Need for bicycle helmet policy One must know about the proper criteria or the importance of introducing the bicycle helmet policy in practice. There was a report in the year 1986 that was published to highlight on the child cyclist injuries (Wegman, Zhang Dijkstra, 2012). This report was published from the Redcliffe Hospital in Brisbane. The increasing rate of the child injuries due to not wearing the helmets while riding the bicycles showed that the children were not secured without wearing the helmets. This had been one of the major concerns for the government. This raised the concern for the government as they wanted to bring out a remedy for this problem. They feared that this could happen to the other people as well (Wegman, Zhang Dijkstra, 2012). Effects of the injuries while riding bicycles The doctors of the various medical organizations and hospitals, the people having the responsibility for the road safety of the citizens all expressed their gravest concerns about this matter (Siman-Tov et al., 2012). They have expressed their views that this should be made compulsory by the government as the lives of many people are associated with it. They say that wearing helmets while riding bicycles is a good practice because it protects the cyclists from the head and brain injuries. The head injuries that are caused by the accident resulting from cycling accidents affect the people from different perspectives like long-term metal and physical disability (Olivier, Walter Grzebieta, 2013). A proper and safe transport planning can help to diminish the rate of accidents in a huge way by adjusting the vehicles to take the assigned roads and the cyclists should keep to their specified lanes (Tolley, Turton, 2014). The traffic and road safety bodies of the organizations have to chalk out certain rules for each kind of the vehicles in the country provided in the major road system in the country. Policies for safety of the bicyclists The Bicycle Brisbane Plan has to be followed in terms of the road safety for the bicyclists (Heesch et al., 2016). This policy is made for the benefit of the bicyclists and the use of helmets has to be made mandatory so that many lives can be saved. In the minor road systems within the city, the cyclists have to share the same roadway with the other vehicles. The bicyclists have to follow the lines marked specially bicycles or wide curbside lanes. The cyclists on the main roads are mainly the school children or the people who cycle their way for recreation. They should not use the verges or open spaces (Garrard, Rissel Bauman, 2012). Brisbane City Cyclist planning The Brisbane city administration is looking to provide opportunities to most of the cyclists a better environment to ride cycles in the city premises and they have thought of making new plans and provide resources for it as well (Buehler, Pucher, 2012). The local, state and federal government is looking forward to improve the cycling networks all over the country. The technical areas in the cycling network have to be improved in this context as well. Targets and Plans Brisbane Vision According to the Brisbane Vision, it looks after the well-structured future of the Brisbane City ("Brisbane City Plan 2014 | Brisbane City Council", 2017). They have set their targets of completing almost 1700 km of the bikeways networks by the end of 2031 (Council, 2014). Brisbane City Plan 2014 The city council of Brisbane has looked to implement certain plans they have made. They want to develop the city land areas and utilize it for the bikeways ("Brisbane City Plan 2014 | Brisbane City Council", 2017). The city plan has included two interactive online planning tools, namely ePlan (the digital version of city plan) and interactive mapping process (Council, 2014). Brisbane Transport plan (2008-2026) This transport plan introduces the transport options and the outline information that help to understand the transport problems in the city. They have made realistic transport mode share targets where the cycling will account up to 8% of the all the trips on an average week day in the year 2026 (Kamruzzaman et al., 2016). Cycling network maps In the ePlan made in the Brisbane city plan, the existing and proposed future cycling network Bicycle Overlay Map can be found. The current map can be found in the Google Maps, Nearmap and Cycling Brisbanes route planner (Fuad, Drieberg, 2013). The National policy for cycling in Australia The national strategy in Australia for the cycling has been improved as a coordinating framework that has identified the responsibilities that are relevant with the policies of Australian government (Gardner, 2017). The various levels of the government, the community, industry stakeholders have all helped to promote the value of cycling in Australia (Gardner, 2017). Technical standards and city council standard drawings The city council in Brisbane has provided drawings for the off-road and on-road cycling facilities in the country. The Cycling Aspcts of Austroads Guides (2014) have all the information that relate to the planning, design and traffic management of cycling management in the city. The policy and legal framework The Guide to Road Design-Part 6A: Pedestrian and Cycling Paths provide necessary guidance for the road designers to build safe road designs that will help to efficient walking and cycling in the city roads (Gardner, 2017). The organizations that are involved in the cycling management, support and encourage the cycling habits among people, obviously wearing helmets are Australian Bicycle Council, Bicycle Queensland, Cycling Australia, Cycling Queensland, Cycling Resource Centre, Cycling Promotion Fund and many others (Gardner, 2017). The strategy for the Australian cycling planning and policy is built upon the coordinating framework that helps to realize the responsibilities of government at all levels (Gardner, 2017). This strategy highlights the fact that the number of bicycle riding people has to be increased and this will reflect in the betterment of individual safety and society. The policy wants to double the number of the bicycle users by 2016 (Gardner, 2017). The Australian Bicycle Council has encouraged that a biennial National Cycling Participation Survey has to be organized in order to measure the number of total cyclists in the country. The council wants to ensure some of the facts that are associated in this (Gardner, 2017). They want to promote cycling as a viable and safe mode for transport. This can enable the safety of the people. This can develop consistence guidance for the stakeholders. The importance for cycling in the transport system and land use planning activities has been addressed. South East Queensland Regional Plan SEQ 2017 provides the framework for the growth management of the country. Some important things are highlighted in this context ("South East Queensland Regional Plan", 2017). It aims for the overall growth of the region, protecting the environment, enhancing the regional economic strengths so that they can put up competition on a global basis, making the lands productive, protecting the resources, landscapes and the cultural heritage (Warren, Gibson, 2014). They also have the target to utilize on the current infrastructure and make smarter solutions for the new infrastructure; they also aim to support the rural communities and the economic diversification (Thompson, Maginn, 2012). The implementation of the EPBC Act will be a key thing to be noted when all the urban projects will be addressed. In this case, the need to protect the lives of human beings is an essential thing. If the children and other people die just because of not wearing the helmets while riding bicycles, it will b e a huge loss for the countrys man power ("South East Queensland Regional Plan", 2017). SEQ Policies till 2031 South East Queensland 2031 regional transport plan is an essential plan for identifying the bicycle helmet policies for the region that has been focused in this report. The plan suggests to increase the share of active transport such as walking and cycling up to two times like 10% to 20%. This will increase the number cycles in the city. They also want to cut down the share of motor vehicles from 83% to 66% that will help to rescue the society from damage. Some challenges that have been identified in this prospect are they can no longer rely on the motor vehicles for the traffic growth. They want to promote walking and cycling as massive important for the road safety and better planning. The population is increasing in this city very rapidly so the need to rely on developing new means The Connecting SEQ 2031has identified several new centers for the public transport hubs. They want to build some strategies regarding to transport that will reduce pollution and waste in the countries. Those means should be cost effective enough so that they can be easily maintained and operated. The limit of consumption should be reduced to sustainable effects. The Queensland Infrastructure Plan has an allocation of $500 million for developing the cycling infrastructure within the town. They want to support the local cycling networks and encourage the active transport. The planning suggests that a rise of 58% in the cycling of the area should be optimized. This will also cater to reduce the congestion levels within the city. More cycling in the city will encourage more transport efficiency. The school going kids can be benefitted from the fact of increasing cycling infrastructures and the use of helmets while cycling will add to their safety while cycling in the highways. Strategies and implications Many strategies can be optimized at the time of looking at the issue and they should be looking forward to implement them realistically. The government needs to make different kinds of surveys like the vehicle flow surveys, vehicle weight surveys, journey speed, travel time and delay surveys, spot speed surveys, environmental impact surveys, parking use surveys and many more (Ahillen, Mateo-Babiano Corcoran, 2016). Through making these surveys, they will be able to know which roads are mainly used by the bigger and heavier vehicles and which roads are used by the smaller and lighter vehicles. The government of Queensland has revealed in their annual reports that they want to motivate the youth to be indulged in cycling. Queensland Cycling Strategy has been built because of that only. They want to make a safe environment for cycling and make sure that everyone is convenient in riding cycles in the state. They also want to encourage the new riders to cycling and thus make the communit y believe that cycling is indeed helpful for the benefit of health. The economy of the state and the country will be energized as well. The government is much interested to grow the participation of the young people in this so that the cost of motor vehicles can be easily saved and the environment will be saved as well. They will encourage more people to ride cycles by sharing the roads and public places. The population is growing everyday so the people want to avail an enjoyable, comfortable and safe environment for the riders. Approach to the policy formulation There are many kinds of problems that are associated with the traffic control system. These approaches can be solved in different manners. The approaches can be noted as the objective-led approach and the problem-oriented approach. Cycling is a way to reduce all of these problems (Belin, Tillgren Vedung, 2012). It emits excessive pollution, building new roads and increase the number of lanes in the highways for the advantage of the smaller vehicles, the use of telecommunications, get rid of the manual signaling systems and deploy new electronic signals at the roads will be some effective ideas to meet the needs of the objectives taken. Though, these solutions are very expensive, they may not prove to be effective enough on the long run because if new roads are built, it may take up new lands (Belin, Tillgren Vedung, 2012). Conclusion This paper can be concluded by saying that transport planning is indeed an essential aspect of the town planning in Brisbane. The various objectives of the city council has aimed to build a transport policy that will cater to the needs of the citys transport. The chosen policy of bicycle helmet using is also an essential thing since many people die of falling from the bicycles on the highways and get trampled by the bigger vehicles. References Ahillen, M., Mateo-Babiano, D., Corcoran, J. (2016). Dynamics of bike sharing in Washington, DC and Brisbane, Australia: Implications for policy and planning.International journal of sustainable transportation,10(5), 441-454. Belin, M. ., Tillgren, P., Vedung, E. (2012). Vision Zeroa road safety policy innovation.International journal of injury control and safety promotion,19(2), 171-179. Brisbane City Plan 2014 | Brisbane City Council. (2017).Brisbane.qld.gov.au. Retrieved 16 August 2017, from https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/planning-building/planning-guidelines-tools/brisbane-city-plan-2014 Buehler, R., Pucher, J. (2012). International Overview: Cycling Trends in Western Europe, North America, and Australia.City cycling, 9-29. Council, B. C. (2014). Brisbane city plan 2014.June, Brisbane. Fuad, M. R. A., Drieberg, M. (2013, May). Remote vehicle tracking system using GSM Modem and Google map. InSustainable Utilization and Development in Engineering and Technology (CSUDET), 2013 IEEE Conference on(pp. 15-19). IEEE. Gardner, E. (2017).National Cycling Strategy - Austroads.Austroads.com.au. Retrieved 16 August 2017, from https://www.austroads.com.au/road-operations/bicycles/national-cycling-strategy Garrard, J., Rissel, C., Bauman, A. (2012). Health benefits of cycling.City cycling,31. Heesch, K. C., James, B., Washington, T. L., Zuniga, K., Burke, M. (2016). Evaluation of the Veloway 1: A natural experiment of new bicycle infrastructure in Brisbane, Australia.Journal of Transport Health,3(3), 366-376. Kamruzzaman, M., Washington, S., Baker, D., Brown, W., Giles-Corti, B., Turrell, G. (2016). Built environment impacts on walking for transport in Brisbane, Australia.Transportation,43(1), 53-77. Olivier, J., Walter, S. R., Grzebieta, R. H. (2013). Long term bicycle related head injury trends for New South Wales, Australia following mandatory helmet legislation.Accident Analysis Prevention,50, 1128-1134. Pucher, J., Buehler, R. (2012).City cycling. MIT Press. Siman-Tov, M., Jaffe, D. H., Peleg, K., Israel Trauma Group. (2012). Bicycle injuries: a matter of mechanism and age.Accident Analysis Prevention,44(1), 135-139. South East Queensland Regional Plan. (2017).Planning.dilgp.qld.gov.au. Retrieved 16 August 2017, from https://planning.dilgp.qld.gov.au/planning/better-planning/state-planning/seqrp Thompson, S., Maginn, P. (2012).Planning Australia: An overview of urban and regional planning. Cambridge University Press. Tolley, R., Turton, B. J. (2014).Transport systems, policy and planning: a geographical approach. Routledge. Vigar, G. (2013).The politics of mobility: Transport planning, the environment and public policy. Routledge. Warren, A., Gibson, C. (2014).Surfing Places, Surfboard Makers: Craft, Creativity, and Cultural Heritage in Hawai'i, California, and Australia. University of Hawai'i Press. Wegman, F., Zhang, F., Dijkstra, A. (2012). How to make more cycling good for road safety?.Accident Analysis Prevention,44(1), 19-29.

Planning - Sandwich Blitz free essay sample

According to Bateman Snell Typical strategic goals include growing, increasing market share, improving profitability (2010, Page 77), which means that Dalman and Lei need to set a long term goals and achieve them for example if they would like to expand they need to set their expansion based on meeting a certain percent of their profit after 4 years of achieving this profit or higher. Implement annual training for their middle management to improve their managerial performances and productivity that includes but not limited to budgeting, decision making, profits, staff turnover etc. Introduce and implement a key performance indicator in the company to review the performance of the middle management, and the rest of the staff to know the strength and weaknesses and work on it. Tactical Planning: Tactical plans focus on the major actions a unit must take to fulfill its part of the strategic plan (Bateman and Snell, 2010, Page, 78) Location managers need to develop a sales and marketing plan that can help the business for the next 3 years and pitch it to top management for approval to help increase the profits based on their locations, targeting audience. We will write a custom essay sample on Planning Sandwich Blitz or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also they need to implement training for their team supervisors that includes customer service and up selling their products and promoting them, location managers can also set bonuses for their team supervisors if they achieve their sales target. Location managers need to deal with their budgets and meet them by developing an annual budget. Operational Planning: Team supervisors need to introduce new products and new methods of selling these products but at the same time maintaining the food consistency in their shops, keep track of daily issues such as refunds and replacements any other issues with customer care to help them improve. Also hire more staff or cut down the overhead when needed, train the staff on dealing with customer service.

Are the SAT Subject Tests Changing

Are the SAT Subject Tests Changing SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The SAT was redesigned in 2016- a huge revamp that has been linked to the Common Core and attempts to re-secure market share lost to the ACT.This may leave you wondering: what about SAT Subject Tests? Are they changing? Will there be new SAT Subject Tests modeledafter the main SAT redesign? In a word, no. At least, not now. So what does this mean?Well, for starters, it means that SAT Subject Tests will now be even more different from the regular SAT than they were before the SAT redesign. In this article, I’ll go over the implications of the â€Å"mismatch† between the redesigned SAT and the SAT Subject Tests. How are the formats different, and how should you approach these differences?I’ll also go over how the SAT redesign has changed how Subject Test content overlaps (or doesn’t) with the regular SAT.Finally, I will engage in some wild speculation (okay, fine, evidence-based speculation) about where the SAT Subject Tests may be going in the future. The SAT Subject Tests Are Not Changing First things first: the SAT Subject Tests are not changing. The College Board has come right out and said it! Of course, this doesn’t mean that the SAT Subject Tests will never change or be redesigned, but, at present, nothing has been announced. So you can expect that they will be administered in the same format for at least the next few years. However, the main SAT redesign does mean that there are now some additional differences between the regular SAT and the SAT Subject Tests. The winds of change...are not blowing for the SAT Subject Tests. Formatting Differences Between the New SAT and the SAT Subject Tests There were always some differences between the SAT and the SAT Subject Tests. While Subject Tests are each one hour long in a specialized subject area, the regular SAT is a multi-section, broad-content test with variable time lengths per section. This remains the case under the redesigned SAT. But with the redesign, there are a couple of additional differences between the two test types in question format and scoring.Let’s break them down: The redesigned SAT has only four answer choices per question, but mostSAT Subject Tests will continue to have five answer choices per question.The only exception is the foreign language Subject Tests, which have four answer choices per question. All things being equal, this means your chances of randomly guessing a correct answer on most SAT Subject Tests is 5% lower than on the main SAT (20% vs. 25%). This probably won’t make any real difficulty difference between the two exams because on a five-choice test like a Subject Test, there’s generally at least one really obviously wrong answer in the bunch. A bigger change is that the redesigned SAT has no penalty for guessing while the SAT Subject Tests will continue to have a penalty for wrong answers to discourage guessing. On Subject Tests with five answer choices (again, this is most of them), you'll lose 1/4 of a point for each incorrect answer. For the foreign language Subject Tests, which have four answer choices, you'll lose 1/3 of a point for each incorrect answer. This may actually make your test-taking strategy somewhat different between SAT Subject Tests and the regular SAT. Basically, you should definitely answer every question on the regular SAT, even if you have no idea of the answer because you lose nothing by guessing. In contrast, you might want to take a slightly more conservative approach on your Subject Tests and only guess when you can eliminate some answer choices. Otherwise, you run the risk of an extra penalty for getting the answer wrong. Don't get stung by wrong answer penalties! Subject Tests That Might Line Up With the New SAT...Or Not In addition to formatting changes, the SAT redesign also involved some pretty major content changes. We’ve reviewed those changes in-depth, but here’s a quick summary: All questions for Reading are now passage-based, and not all of the passages will be literary; there will be nonfiction passages. All questions on Writing will also be passage-based, and the emphasis has shifted a little more towards questions on writing style and away from questions on arcane grammar mechanics. The new Math sectionhas less geometry, and questions are rooted more in real-world situations and skills you learned in class and less on abstract â€Å"logic† type questions. The overall test is now weighted more heavily towards the Math section. Reading and Writing together form Evidence-Based Reading and Writing for 800 points and Math stays at 800 points (so the total is 1600 points). If we compare the redesigned SAT content to Subject Test content, we’ll see a surprising cadre of similarities and differences. Subjects that have never before overlapped with the main SAT will now have some points of overlap, and some Subject Tests, like Math, that used to share lots of material withthe main SAT aren’t all that similar to the redesignedSAT. These next sections will go over what material on Subject Tests is also covered on the SAT and how you can use this to your advantage when you prepare for both the main SAT and the Subject Tests. Subject Tests: Math 1 and Math 2 Overlaps with: SAT Math Both of the Subject Tests in Math still overlap with the Math section of the revised SAT, but less than they did before.While many similar topics are covered, there are some key differences between the way questions are presented. First, the new SAT Math has a no-calculator section and free-response questions. The SAT Math Subject Tests are all multiple choice, and calculators are allowed the entire time. Second, the redesigned SAT focuses much more on â€Å"real-world† style problems, mathematical modeling, and reading and interpreting data. Given this focus, the scope of the math tested on the exam has narrowed. (For one thing, there’s much less geometry). The SAT Subject Tests are much more about testing how well you’ve learned a variety of more advanced mathematical concepts, so you can expect a broader range of topics and more problems like what you would see on a high school math test. Math II covers evenmore advanced topics than Math I. Because of this, Math II overlaps with the new SAT Math section even less than Math I does. There’s just not enough room on Math II to cover some of the more basic math concepts that Math I and SAT Math both focus on. Here are the topics that still overlap among the three tests. You should be aware, however, that shared topics are weighted completely differently on each exam! As mentioned above, the new SAT Math is much less focused on geometry of all types than either of the Math Subject Tests, and it's much more interested in â€Å"real-world† style problems and mathematical modeling. Overlapping topics on all three math exams: Basic statistics: mean, median, mode, reading graphs Coordinate geometry for lines and circles Calculating volume of 3-D solids from formulas Basic trigonometry: right triangles, identities Creating mathematical models Manipulating and solving expressions, equations, and inequalities Ratios and proportions Complex numbers Math I and SAT Math both include some Euclidean plane geometry for angles, circles, and triangles; Math II does not (Euclidean geometry concepts are assessed via coordinate and 3-D geometry).Math II and SAT Math now also both cover radians, which are not covered on Math I. So will studying for Math Subject Tests help prepare you for the SAT Math section? Certainly, reviewing math topics that are covered on both the Subject Test you are taking and the main SAT Math section will be helpful, but the questions are presented differently, and there are topic areas that don’t overlap. This is particularly truefor Math II. If you’ve just taken Math I or Math II and you are now preparing for SAT Math, make sure that you aren’t relying too much on your calculator or multiple-choice strategies. These won’t be with you for the entire SAT Math section. Will studying for the Math section help with the math-based Subject Tests? Again, it will help you somewhat in that you will be studying some overlapping topics. But you’ll need to be prepared both for the topics that don’t overlap and for the different exam formats. All these math exams! It's enough to make your head spin. Subject Test: Literature Overlaps with: SAT Reading In some ways, SAT Reading is closer to the Subject Test in Literature than it was before because all of the questions on the Reading section are now passage-based, as in the Literature Subject Test. However, while Literature has only literary and poetic passages, the Reading section will now include a number of nonfiction passages as well. This means that, while the close-reading skills you develop for Literature will help you with the passage-based questions on SAT Reading, you will be reading and answering questions about some very different types of passages. You can expect to see nonfiction and historical passages on SAT Reading that you will need to read with an eye for identifying the evidence authors use to support their claims. By contrast, the SAT Literature Subject Test will have much more of an emphasis on literary devices. So will studying for Literature help prepare you for Reading? Sort of, in that it will hone your close-reading skills. However,you need to make sure you also know how to read non-fiction and historical passages for comprehension and to identify evidence, which really does not play into the Literature test at all. Conversely, will studying for Reading help prepare you for Literature? It will help a little bit, but the passages on Literature are much more, well, literary, so you will need to make sure you have a stronger grasp of literary devices than SAT Reading requires. Also, the Literature Subject Test has poetry, which is a whole different animal; for more guidance on that, see my guide to the Literature Subject Test. Read on to learn why this might be on your SAT Reading test! Subject Tests: US History and World History Overlaps with: SAT Reading This may surprise you, but you might now find some minor overlap between your US History or World History Subject Test and SAT Reading.SAT Reading now includes, in one of its five passage sections, â€Å"One passage or a pair of passages from either a U.S. founding document or a text in the great global conversation they inspired.† (see the College Board page for Inside the SAT Reading). The College Board claims that you won’t need any outside knowledge to understand the documents they choose for the Reading test, but any contextual knowledge you have about â€Å"U.S founding documents† (i.e. the Declaration of Independence, the Gettysburg Address, etc.) and their global counterparts certainly won’t hurt you. And, if you are taking the US History or World History Subject Test, chances are you have some of that outside contextual knowledge. Additionally, both history Subject Tests include some questions on primary source analysis- a similar skill to the analysis of historical documents on Reading. So, will studying for US History or World History help prepare you for the Reading section? It will help a little bit, by giving you historical context and the skills to close-read historical passages.Will studying for SAT Reading help prepare you for US History or World History? Again, it will help a little bit, depending on what â€Å"founding documents† you are exposed to in your studying. Subject Test: Biology Overlaps with: SAT Reading and Math The new SAT involves an increased amount of reading charts and graphs in the Reading, Writing, and Math sections.The Biology Subject Test also involves questions that test your knowledge of reading graphs and charts. So, learning to read graphs and charts for one of these exams will help you with this skill for all the other exams. Basically, making sure you know how to read graphs and charts properly is a skill that will help you on a number of College-Board administered exams, and also life. If jellyfish could read charts, they probably would have taken over the world by now. As you can see, while there is overlap between certain Subject Tests and the new SAT, none of the overlap is substantial enough that prepping for one really preps for the other in any significant way.Preparing for Subject Tests, in general, certainly won’t hurt your SAT performance or vice-versa, but it definitely won’t replace or even hugely augment specific prep for the exam you are taking. What Could Be Next for the SAT Subject Tests? So is a revamp coming for the SAT Subject Tests anytime soon?Well, let’s think about what niche the Subject Tests fill compared to the main SAT. The SAT is meant to be a college entrance exam that tests a wide variety of skills and predicts performance in college (it historically hasn’t really done this, but that’s the idea).The SAT was revised for a lot of reasons, but overall the goal is to make the SAT more predictive of college success and less based on whether you could afford a tutor or even a prep book to learn strategies. (Do I think the College Board met their goal? That’s a story for another day.) The SAT Subject Tests, however, never purported to be the kind of exam that any smart person could do well on. They have always been meant to showcase a particular talent or expertise in a subject. Because of this, I don’t think it’s terribly likely that there are any major content changes for the SAT Subject Tests coming anytime soon. However, I do think it’s a little bizarre to administer two kinds of SAT tests with different scoring mechanisms and a different number of answer choices. There may well be a more minor SAT Subject Test revision just for the sake of creating consistency between the two tests. Thus, while I don’t think a major revamp in content is coming soon, I do think it’s possible that there will minor revisions to make the tests more harmonious in format. Harmonious like these creepy singing angels. Key Takeaways Are the SAT Subject Tests changing? No! There will be no newSAT Subject Testsfor 2016. This means that, unlike on the main SAT, most Subject Tests have five answer choices per question, and there’s a -0.25 point penalty for every wrong answer. The exception is foreign language Subject tests, which have four answer choices per question, and there's a 1/3 point penalty for every wrong answer. The changing format of the SAT does mean that there may be some new and different overlaps between Subject Tests and main SAT content. In terms of future revisions, I don’t think there’s going to be a major content revision any time soon, but there may be a formatting revision to bring the two tests into greater harmony. What's Next? Trying to decide which SAT Subject Tests to take? Let us help.Or maybe you want some help registering for your chosen Subject Tests. Confused about the new SAT? See our guide to the new Reading sectionand our guide to redesigned SAT math. With the redesign, you might consider if the new SAT or the ACT is going to be better for you. Need a little extra help prepping for your Subject Tests? We have the industry's leading SAT Subject Test prep programs (for all non-language Subject Tests). Built by Harvard grads and SAT Subject Test full or 99th %ile scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so that you get the most effective prep possible. Learn more about our Subject Test products below:

Explicate descartes inference from sence exprience to the existence of Assignment

Explicate descartes inference from sence exprience to the existence of material substance - Assignment Example His original plan was to depict vast understanding of cerebral science from a legitimate source overlooking any theories of the body. Under compatibility, Descartes split the globe into two distinct material substances (mind and body) with science focusing on body and religion on mind/soul. Naturally, the rationality of a philosophy lies on elements such as the source of knowledge and correlation between the key subjects (Cunning, 1). Descartes understood how the foundation of his foundation was important and started by questioning the beliefs of people caused by their senses. Definitely, this is like questioning the existence of everything include the people themselves, their bodies etc. However, his aim did not lean on going against the existence of everything; the objective was making it known that relying on our senses to prove the existence of material substances is a belief open to extended doubt. This cancels out the notion of using senses to rationalize scientific knowledge; moreover, existence of anything else besides us is questionable. The summary implication is people are sure of the existence of external material substances but the senses are not the real source of this knowledge; the mind is key aspect. As a way of opening people’s mind to doubt, Descartes applies three comparable notions; the deceiving God, the dream and the evil demon arguments (Cunning, 1). The general concept in his three arguments is that people’s perception of objects is not direct but on the images formed in their minds by the different material substances. Depending on sense as the proprietor of existence is not rational because it leans more on mental images creating uncertainty on the nature of the external world and direct contact with material substances different from mental pictures of them. Dreams, a deceiving God and an evil demon do only form